General Management of Overdosed Patients |
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Written by Dr. Niru Prasad
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF OVERDOSED PATIENT
History
Physical Examination
Vital Signs
Pulse:
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Irregular Pulse
Blood Pressure:
Hypertension
Hypotension
Respiration Rate:
Tachypnea
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Temperature:
Hyperthermia
Hypothermia
Skin and Mucous Membrane:
Burns
Cyanosis
Bullous Lesions
Diaphoresis
Jaundice
Mouth Odors
Neurologic Examination:
Altered Mental Status
Emesis:
Pill Fragments
Amount
Hematemesis
1. Substances causing hypertension and tachycardia:
Anticholinergics
PCP
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Sympathomimetics
2. Substances causing hypotension:
Hypotension and tachycardia
Hypotension and bradycardia
3. Substances causing bradycardia:
4. Substances causing tachypnea:
5. Substances causing hyperthermia:
6. Substance abuse causing bullous lesions:
Caustic agents
Environmental hazards
Sedative hypnotic agents
7. Substances causing diaphoresis:
Acetaminophen
Salicylates
Mushrooms
8. Substances causing jaundice:
Acetaminophen
Carbon tetrachloride
Amanita phalloides
Iron
9. Substances causing characteristics odors:
10. Substances causing seizure activity:
11. Substances causing eye changes:
Mydriasis:
Anticholinenpics
Demerol
Glutethimide
Sympathomimetics
Miosis:
Cholinergics
Insecticides
Narcotics
12. Toxins causing nystagmus:
Sedative
Hypnotics
Alcohol
PCP
Dilantin
13. Radio pagne substances that may be detected by
plain x-rays:
Barium
Enteric coated tablets
Antihistamines
Heavy metals
14. Methods to enhance drug excretion:
Diuresis
Dialysis
Hemoperfusion
Multiple doses of activated charcoal
Plasmapheresis and exchange transfusion
15. Antidotes and their doses:
Partial Listing Of Non-Toxic Substances:
Household Products:
Ballpoint pens inks
Bath oil
Candles
Magic markers
Soaps and detergents:
Cosmetics
Chalk - clays
Miscellaneous
Complications of Overdose:
Respiratory
Cardiovascular
Neurologic
Myoglobinuria
Renal failure
Miscellaneous:
Acid haze disorder
Decubitus ulcers
Hypothermia
Sepsis
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